电力市场-碳中和方案积极践行者

2.电力市场/ Electricity MarketIntroduct

斯里兰卡国家电力局（CEB） CEB是该国最大的电力公司，负责发电、输电、配电及零售，掌控全国 75% 的发电量。作为国有垄断企业，CEB 正推进拆分改革，将发电、配电和输电部门独立，以吸引投资并建立电力批发市场。

The Ceylon Electricity Board (CEB) CEB is Sri Lanka's largest power utility, responsible for generation, transmission, distribution, and retail supply, controlling 75% of the country's electricity output1018. As a state-owned monopoly, CEB is undergoing structural reforms to separate generation, distribution, and transmission divisions, aiming to attract investment and establish a wholesale electricity market710.

能源结构：斯里兰卡2024 年总发电约为16.5 TWh。其中火力发电（燃煤 + 燃油）占比 65.17%。水电占比 30.1%。可再生能源占比 4.71%。

Energy mix: Sri Lanka's total electricity generation in 2024 is around 16.5 TWh. The share of thermal power (coal + oil) is 65.17%. Hydropower is 30.1%. Renewable energy 4.71%.

市场结构：国有主导，国家电力局（CEB）掌控 70.9% 的发电资产，并负责输电和配电，私营企业通过独立发电商（IPP）模式参与，发电量由 CEB 统一收购。电网现状：全国电网以 220 千伏为主干，但覆盖不足（城市 80%、农村 40%），输电损耗率高达 15%-20%。

Market structure:
State-dominated，The Ceylon Electricity Board (CEB) controls 70.9% of the power generation assets and is responsible for transmission and distribution, while the private sector participates through the Independent Power Producer (IPP) model, with generation purchased by the CEB. Grid status: The national grid is dominated by 220kV, but coverage is insufficient (80% in urban areas and 40% in rural areas), and transmission losses are as high as 15%-20%.